Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, cov tshuab tsis muaj neeg tsav dav hlau (UAS) tau siv dav hauv ntau thaj chaw, tab sis yuav ua li cas kom sai thiab ua tau zoo hloov cov tsheb dav hlau uas twb muaj lawm rau hauv cov tshuab dav hlau tsis muaj neeg siv tau ib txwm yog qhov chaw kub hauv kev lag luam aviation. Tsis ntev los no, pab neeg ntawm Xib Fwb Li Daochun thiab Academician Xiang Jinwu ntawm Beijing University of Aeronautics thiab Astronautics tau luam tawm ib daim ntawv hu ua "Robot Pilot: A New Autonomous System Toward Flying Manned Aerial Vehicles" nyob rau hauv phau ntawv Journal Engineering, qhia txog lub nyoob hoom qav taub tshiab tsav neeg hlau lawv tsim. . Qhov kev ua tiav no muab kev daws teeb meem tshiab rau lub dav hlau tsis muaj neeg tsav tsheb.
Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm kev tshawb fawb yog ib hom tshiab ntawm robotic system muaj peev xwm ntawm nws tus kheej piloting ib manned nyoob hoom qav taub, yog li tsim ib hom tshiab ntawm unmanned aerial system. Cov tshuab no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub platform kom loj hlob, muaj peev xwm them taus, thiab kev tsim nyog ntawm cov tsheb thauj neeg caij dav hlau uas twb muaj lawm, thaum nthuav dav kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv thaj chaw ntawm cov tsheb tsis muaj neeg tsav dav hlau. Pab neeg tshawb fawb tau tham txog qhov nthuav dav lub tswv yim ntawm lub dav hlau piloting neeg hlau thiab nws qhov zoo, thiab tau npaj ib lub nyoob hoom qav taub-piloting neeg hlau rau manned helicopters. Raws li kev tswj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub tswj mechanism, tus neeg hlau tau tsim los tsav cov neeg hlau servo mechanism, thiab raws li kinematic tsom xam ntawm cov neeg hlau servo mechanism, ib tug neeg hlau ya davhlau maub los nrog txoj kev tsav ncaj qha tau tsim los txo lub sij hawm ncua thiab tswj kev ua yuam kev hauv cov txheej txheem neeg hlau servo.
Pab neeg tshawb fawb kuj tau tsim cov chaw nres tsheb hauv av uas txhawb nqa kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv sib txawv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Thaum kawg, lawv tau tsim thiab tsim ib qho qauv ntawm ib lub nyoob hoom qav taub-piloting neeg hlau thiab ntsia nws rau ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub rau kev sim davhlau. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias tus neeg hlau tuaj yeem ya mus rau pem hauv ntej, rov qab, sab thiab tig ntawm nws tus kheej, txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo.
Fig.1 Daim ntawv thov ntawm lub dav hlau tsav neeg hlau thiab nws hom davhlau.
Qhov kev hloov tshiab ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog tias nws siv txoj kev hloov pauv uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam uas tso cai rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau tau nrawm thiab hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov tshuab dav hlau tsis muaj neeg siv. Txoj kev no tsis tsuas yog khaws cia lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab qib kev nyab xeeb ntawm thawj lub dav hlau, tab sis kuj zam qhov xav tau kev hloov kho nyuaj rau thawj lub dav hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws tsav dav hlau tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua tus kws tsav dav hlau sib koom ua ke los txhim kho qib automation ntawm cov dav hlau uas twb muaj lawm, muab kev tshawb fawb platform rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li cov kws pab tsav dav hlau thiab cov neeg tsav dav hlau.
Hais txog kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, pab pawg tshawb fawb tau teeb tsa tus qauv ntawm tus neeg tsav dav hlau ntawm SVH-4 lub teeb tus kws qhia nyoob hoom qav taub thiab ua qhov kev sim hauv av thiab dav hlau. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias tus neeg tsav tsheb tuaj yeem ceev thiab raug tswj hwm lub nyoob hoom qav taub txoj kev tswj hwm, thiab ua tau zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv davhlau xws li hovering, rau pem hauv ntej, davhlau rov qab, sab davhlau thiab tig.
Fig.2 Kev soj ntsuam hauv av thiab kev ya davhlau tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub tsav neeg hlau ua haujlwm sib txawv. (a) Kev ya mus tom ntej; (b) rov qab ya davhlau; (c) sab laug; (d) Tig Dav Hlau.
Txawm hais tias tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo kawg nkaus, pab pawg tshawb fawb tau taw qhia tias muaj teeb meem ntawm tus cwj pwm oscillation tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm tswj cov neeg tsav tsheb. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov hauj lwm yav tom ntej, lawv npaj yuav ntxiv dag zog rau maneuverability thiab adaptability ntawm tus tsav tsheb neeg hlau, xav txog kev xa mus rau niaj hnub qauv-raws li txoj kev tswj los yog ntse tswj txoj kev los optimize lub davhlau kev ua tau zoo.
Qhov kev tshawb fawb no tsis tsuas yog qhia txog txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Beihang University hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm UAV thev naus laus zis, tab sis kuj tseem muab cov tswv yim tshiab thiab kev txhawb nqa rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam aviation. Nrog rau kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, peb muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias yav tom ntej aviation teb yuav ntse dua thiab siv tshuab.